Zig 0.17.0-dev (Split by item)

This is an example of documentation generated by ZigDoc, an alternative to Zig's built-in Auto Doc feature. See also examples in other modes/formats. The project being documented here (as the example) is the Zig library itself.

std-docs.zig

File

lib/compiler/std-docs.zig

Code

const builtin = @import("builtin");

const std = @import("std");
const Io = std.Io;
const mem = std.mem;
const Allocator = std.mem.Allocator;
const assert = std.debug.assert;
const Cache = std.Build.Cache;

fn usage(io: Io) noreturn {
    Io.File.stdout().writeStreamingAll(io,
        \\Usage: zig std [options]
        \\
        \\Options:
        \\  -h, --help                Print this help and exit
        \\  -p [port], --port [port]  Port to listen on. Default is 0, meaning an ephemeral port chosen by the system.
        \\  --[no-]open-browser       Force enabling or disabling opening a browser tab to the served website.
        \\                            By default, enabled unless a port is specified.
        \\
    ) catch {};
    std.process.exit(0);
}

pub fn main(init: std.process.Init) !void {
    const arena = init.arena.allocator();
    const gpa = init.gpa;
    const io = init.io;

    var argv = try init.minimal.args.iterateAllocator(arena);
    defer argv.deinit();
    assert(argv.skip());
    const zig_lib_directory = mem.cutPrefix(u8, argv.next().?, "--zig-lib=") orelse @panic("bad --zig-lib= arg");
    const zig_exe_path = mem.cutPrefix(u8, argv.next().?, "--zig=") orelse @panic("bad --zig= arg");
    const global_cache_path = mem.cutPrefix(u8, argv.next().?, "--global-cache=") orelse @panic("bad --global-cache= arg");

    var lib_dir = try Io.Dir.cwd().openDir(io, zig_lib_directory, .{});
    defer lib_dir.close(io);

    var listen_port: u16 = 0;
    var force_open_browser: ?bool = null;
    while (argv.next()) |arg| {
        if (mem.eql(u8, arg, "-h") or mem.eql(u8, arg, "--help")) {
            usage(io);
        } else if (mem.eql(u8, arg, "-p") or mem.eql(u8, arg, "--port")) {
            listen_port = std.fmt.parseInt(u16, argv.next() orelse usage(io), 10) catch |err| {
                std.log.err("expected port number: {}", .{err});
                usage(io);
            };
        } else if (mem.eql(u8, arg, "--open-browser")) {
            force_open_browser = true;
        } else if (mem.eql(u8, arg, "--no-open-browser")) {
            force_open_browser = false;
        } else {
            std.log.err("unrecognized argument: {s}", .{arg});
            usage(io);
        }
    }
    const should_open_browser = force_open_browser orelse (listen_port == 0);

    const address = Io.net.IpAddress.parse("127.0.0.1", listen_port) catch unreachable;
    var http_server = try address.listen(io, .{
        .reuse_address = true,
    });
    const port = http_server.socket.address.getPort();
    const url_with_newline = try std.fmt.allocPrint(arena, "http://127.0.0.1:{d}/\n", .{port});
    Io.File.stdout().writeStreamingAll(io, url_with_newline) catch {};
    if (should_open_browser) {
        openBrowserTab(io, url_with_newline[0 .. url_with_newline.len - 1 :'\n']) catch |err| {
            std.log.err("unable to open browser: {t}", .{err});
        };
    }

    var context: Context = .{
        .gpa = gpa,
        .io = io,
        .zig_exe_path = zig_exe_path,
        .global_cache_path = global_cache_path,
        .lib_dir = lib_dir,
        .zig_lib_directory = zig_lib_directory,
    };

    var group: Io.Group = .init;
    defer group.cancel(io);

    while (true) {
        const stream = try http_server.accept(io);
        group.async(io, accept, .{ &context, stream });
    }
}

fn accept(context: *Context, stream: Io.net.Stream) void {
    const io = context.io;
    defer stream.close(io);

    var recv_buffer: [4000]u8 = undefined;
    var send_buffer: [4000]u8 = undefined;
    var conn_reader = stream.reader(io, &recv_buffer);
    var conn_writer = stream.writer(io, &send_buffer);
    var server = std.http.Server.init(&conn_reader.interface, &conn_writer.interface);
    while (server.reader.state == .ready) {
        var request = server.receiveHead() catch |err| switch (err) {
            error.HttpConnectionClosing => return,
            else => {
                std.log.err("closing http connection: {t}", .{err});
                return;
            },
        };
        serveRequest(&request, context) catch |err| switch (err) {
            error.WriteFailed => {
                if (conn_writer.err) |e| {
                    std.log.err("unable to serve {s}: {t}", .{ request.head.target, e });
                } else {
                    std.log.err("unable to serve {s}: {t}", .{ request.head.target, err });
                }
                return;
            },
            else => {
                std.log.err("unable to serve {s}: {t}", .{ request.head.target, err });
                return;
            },
        };
    }
}

const Context = struct {
    gpa: Allocator,
    io: Io,
    lib_dir: Io.Dir,
    zig_lib_directory: []const u8,
    zig_exe_path: []const u8,
    global_cache_path: []const u8,
};

fn serveRequest(request: *std.http.Server.Request, context: *Context) !void {
    if (std.mem.eql(u8, request.head.target, "/") or
        std.mem.eql(u8, request.head.target, "/debug") or
        std.mem.eql(u8, request.head.target, "/debug/"))
    {
        try serveDocsFile(request, context, "docs/index.html", "text/html");
    } else if (std.mem.eql(u8, request.head.target, "/main.js") or
        std.mem.eql(u8, request.head.target, "/debug/main.js"))
    {
        try serveDocsFile(request, context, "docs/main.js", "application/javascript");
    } else if (std.mem.eql(u8, request.head.target, "/main.wasm")) {
        try serveWasm(request, context, .fast);
    } else if (std.mem.eql(u8, request.head.target, "/debug/main.wasm")) {
        try serveWasm(request, context, .debug);
    } else if (std.mem.eql(u8, request.head.target, "/sources.tar") or
        std.mem.eql(u8, request.head.target, "/debug/sources.tar"))
    {
        try serveSourcesTar(request, context);
    } else {
        try request.respond("not found", .{
            .status = .not_found,
            .extra_headers = &.{
                .{ .name = "content-type", .value = "text/plain" },
            },
        });
    }
}

const cache_control_header: std.http.Header = .{
    .name = "cache-control",
    .value = "max-age=0, must-revalidate",
};

fn serveDocsFile(
    request: *std.http.Server.Request,
    context: *Context,
    name: []const u8,
    content_type: []const u8,
) !void {
    const gpa = context.gpa;
    const io = context.io;
    // The desired API is actually sendfile, which will require enhancing std.http.Server.
    // We load the file with every request so that the user can make changes to the file
    // and refresh the HTML page without restarting this server.
    const file_contents = try context.lib_dir.readFileAlloc(io, name, gpa, .limited(10 * 1024 * 1024));
    defer gpa.free(file_contents);
    try request.respond(file_contents, .{
        .extra_headers = &.{
            .{ .name = "content-type", .value = content_type },
            cache_control_header,
        },
    });
}

fn serveSourcesTar(request: *std.http.Server.Request, context: *Context) !void {
    const gpa = context.gpa;
    const io = context.io;

    var send_buffer: [0x4000]u8 = undefined;
    var response = try request.respondStreaming(&send_buffer, .{
        .respond_options = .{
            .extra_headers = &.{
                .{ .name = "content-type", .value = "application/x-tar" },
                cache_control_header,
            },
        },
    });

    var std_dir = try context.lib_dir.openDir(io, "std", .{ .iterate = true });
    defer std_dir.close(io);

    var walker = try std_dir.walk(gpa);
    defer walker.deinit();

    var archiver: std.tar.Writer = .{ .underlying_writer = &response.writer };
    archiver.prefix = "std";

    var path_buf: std.ArrayList(u8) = .empty;
    defer path_buf.deinit(gpa);

    while (try walker.next(io)) |entry| {
        switch (entry.kind) {
            .file => {
                if (!std.mem.endsWith(u8, entry.basename, ".zig"))
                    continue;
                if (std.mem.endsWith(u8, entry.basename, "test.zig"))
                    continue;
            },
            else => continue,
        }
        var file = try entry.dir.openFile(io, entry.basename, .{});
        defer file.close(io);
        const stat = try file.stat(io);
        var file_reader: Io.File.Reader = .{
            .io = io,
            .file = file,
            .interface = Io.File.Reader.initInterface(&.{}),
            .size = stat.size,
        };

        const posix_path = if (comptime std.fs.path.sep == std.fs.path.sep_posix)
            entry.path
        else blk: {
            path_buf.clearRetainingCapacity();
            try path_buf.appendSlice(gpa, entry.path);
            std.mem.replaceScalar(u8, path_buf.items, std.fs.path.sep, std.fs.path.sep_posix);
            break :blk path_buf.items;
        };

        try archiver.writeFileTimestamp(posix_path, &file_reader, stat.mtime);
    }

    {
        // Since this command is JIT compiled, the builtin module available in
        // this source file corresponds to the user's host system.
        const builtin_zig = @embedFile("builtin");
        archiver.prefix = "builtin";
        try archiver.writeFileBytes("builtin.zig", builtin_zig, .{});
    }

    // intentionally omitting the pointless trailer
    //try archiver.finish();
    try response.end();
}

fn serveWasm(
    request: *std.http.Server.Request,
    context: *Context,
    optimize_mode: std.builtin.OptimizeMode,
) !void {
    const gpa = context.gpa;
    const io = context.io;

    var arena_instance = std.heap.ArenaAllocator.init(gpa);
    defer arena_instance.deinit();
    const arena = arena_instance.allocator();

    // Do the compilation every request, so that the user can edit the files
    // and see the changes without restarting the server.
    const wasm_base_path = try buildWasmBinary(arena, context, optimize_mode);
    const target = std.zig.system.resolveTargetQuery(io, std.Build.parseTargetQuery(.{
        .arch_os_abi = autodoc_arch_os_abi,
        .cpu_features = autodoc_cpu_features,
    }) catch unreachable) catch unreachable;
    const bin_name = try std.zig.binNameAlloc(arena, .{
        .root_name = autodoc_root_name,
        .cpu_arch = target.cpu.arch,
        .os_tag = target.os.tag,
        .ofmt = target.ofmt,
        .abi = target.abi,
        .output_mode = .Exe,
    });
    // std.http.Server does not have a sendfile API yet.
    const bin_path = try wasm_base_path.join(arena, bin_name);
    const file_contents = try bin_path.root_dir.handle.readFileAlloc(io, bin_path.sub_path, gpa, .limited(10 * 1024 * 1024));
    defer gpa.free(file_contents);
    try request.respond(file_contents, .{
        .extra_headers = &.{
            .{ .name = "content-type", .value = "application/wasm" },
            cache_control_header,
        },
    });
}

const autodoc_root_name = "autodoc";
const autodoc_arch_os_abi = "wasm32-freestanding";
const autodoc_cpu_features = "baseline+atomics+bulk_memory+multivalue+mutable_globals+nontrapping_fptoint+reference_types+sign_ext";

fn buildWasmBinary(
    arena: Allocator,
    context: *Context,
    optimize_mode: std.builtin.OptimizeMode,
) !Cache.Path {
    const gpa = context.gpa;
    const io = context.io;

    var argv: std.ArrayList([]const u8) = .empty;

    try argv.appendSlice(arena, &.{
        context.zig_exe_path, //
        "build-exe", //
        "-fno-entry", //
        "-O", @tagName(optimize_mode), //
        "-target", autodoc_arch_os_abi, //
        "-mcpu", autodoc_cpu_features, //
        "--cache-dir", context.global_cache_path, //
        "--global-cache-dir", context.global_cache_path, //
        "--name", autodoc_root_name, //
        "-rdynamic", //
        "--dep", "Walk", //
        try std.fmt.allocPrint(
            arena,
            "-Mroot={s}/docs/wasm/main.zig",
            .{context.zig_lib_directory},
        ),
        try std.fmt.allocPrint(
            arena,
            "-MWalk={s}/docs/wasm/Walk.zig",
            .{context.zig_lib_directory},
        ),
        "--listen=-", //
    });

    var child = try std.process.spawn(io, .{
        .argv = argv.items,
        .stdin = .pipe,
        .stdout = .pipe,
        .stderr = .pipe,
    });

    var multi_reader_buffer: Io.File.MultiReader.Buffer(2) = undefined;
    var multi_reader: Io.File.MultiReader = undefined;
    multi_reader.init(gpa, io, multi_reader_buffer.toStreams(), &.{ child.stdout.?, child.stderr.? });
    defer multi_reader.deinit();

    try sendMessage(io, child.stdin.?, .update);
    try sendMessage(io, child.stdin.?, .exit);

    var result: ?Cache.Path = null;
    var result_error_bundle = std.zig.ErrorBundle.empty;

    const stdout = multi_reader.fileReader(0);
    const MessageHeader = std.zig.Server.Message.Header;

    var eos_err: error{EndOfStream}!void = {};

    while (true) {
        const header = stdout.interface.takeStruct(MessageHeader, .little) catch |err| switch (err) {
            error.EndOfStream => break,
            error.ReadFailed => return stdout.err.?,
        };
        const body = stdout.interface.take(header.bytes_len) catch |err| switch (err) {
            error.EndOfStream => |e| {
                eos_err = e;
                break;
            },
            error.ReadFailed => return stdout.err.?,
        };

        switch (header.tag) {
            .zig_version => {
                if (!std.mem.eql(u8, builtin.zig_version_string, body)) {
                    return error.ZigProtocolVersionMismatch;
                }
            },
            .error_bundle => {
                result_error_bundle = try std.zig.Server.allocErrorBundle(arena, body);
            },
            .emit_digest => {
                var r: Io.Reader = .fixed(body);
                const emit_digest = r.takeStruct(std.zig.Server.Message.EmitDigest, .little) catch unreachable;
                if (!emit_digest.flags.cache_hit) {
                    std.log.info("source changes detected; rebuilt wasm component", .{});
                }
                const digest = r.takeArray(Cache.bin_digest_len) catch unreachable;
                result = .{
                    .root_dir = Cache.Directory.cwd(),
                    .sub_path = try std.fs.path.join(arena, &.{
                        context.global_cache_path, "o" ++ std.fs.path.sep_str ++ Cache.binToHex(digest.*),
                    }),
                };
            },
            else => {}, // ignore other messages
        }
    }

    try multi_reader.fillRemaining(.none);
    const stderr = multi_reader.reader(1).buffered();

    if (stderr.len > 0) {
        std.debug.print("{s}", .{stderr});
    }

    try eos_err;

    // Send EOF to stdin.
    child.stdin.?.close(io);
    child.stdin = null;

    const term = try child.wait(io);
    if (!term.success()) {
        std.log.err("the following command {f}:\n{s}", .{
            term, try std.zig.allocPrintCmd(arena, argv.items, .{}),
        });
        return error.WasmCompilationFailed;
    }

    if (result_error_bundle.errorMessageCount() > 0) {
        try result_error_bundle.renderToStderr(io, .{}, .auto);
        std.log.err("the following command failed with {d} compilation errors:\n{s}", .{
            result_error_bundle.errorMessageCount(),
            try std.zig.allocPrintCmd(arena, argv.items, .{}),
        });
        return error.WasmCompilationFailed;
    }

    return result orelse {
        std.log.err("child process failed to report result\n{s}", .{
            try std.zig.allocPrintCmd(arena, argv.items, .{}),
        });
        return error.WasmCompilationFailed;
    };
}

fn sendMessage(io: Io, file: Io.File, tag: std.zig.Client.Message.Tag) !void {
    const header: std.zig.Client.Message.Header = .{
        .tag = tag,
        .bytes_len = 0,
    };
    var w = file.writer(io, &.{});
    w.interface.writeStruct(header, .little) catch |err| switch (err) {
        error.WriteFailed => return w.err.?,
    };
}

fn openBrowserTab(io: Io, url: []const u8) !void {
    // Until https://github.com/ziglang/zig/issues/19205 is implemented, we
    // spawn and then leak a concurrent task for this child process.
    const future = try io.concurrent(openBrowserTabTask, .{ io, url });
    _ = future; // leak it
}

fn openBrowserTabTask(io: Io, url: []const u8) !void {
    const main_exe = switch (builtin.os.tag) {
        .windows => "explorer",
        .macos => "open",
        else => "xdg-open",
    };
    var child = try std.process.spawn(io, .{
        .argv = &.{ main_exe, url },
        .stdin = .ignore,
        .stdout = .ignore,
        .stderr = .ignore,
    });
    _ = try child.wait(io);
}